Contemporary conflicts marked by emerging technologies, and blurred battlefronts demand renewed focus on IHL’s foundational principles. This course revisits core legal frameworks while addressing modern challenges like autonomous weapons, cyber warfare, and gender-specific protections.

2. Emerging Threats & Protections

Autonomous Weapons & AI-Legal limits, accountability gaps.
Cyber Operations in Armed Conflict-IHL applicability, critical infrastructure protection.
Protection of Civilians.
Human shields, siege warfare, humanitarian access.
Women and Children in Conflict.
Gender-based violence, child soldiers, special protections.
Humanitarian Access in Disasters & Conflicts.

3. Accountability & Implementation

Detention & Interrogation-POWs, security detainees, humane treatment standards.
Urban Warfare Challenges-Collateral damage mitigation, no-strike policies.
Accountability for Violations-ICC, hybrid tribunals, national prosecutions.
Capstone: IHL Dilemma Simulation.